Chris Ling Most of Chris’s current projects fall into one of the following categories: solid-state ionic conductors for fuel cell and battery applications; frustrated and low-dimensional magnetism; diffuse scattering and nanoscale structure in functional materials such as ferroelectrics; naturally layered multi-functional materials, especially magnetoresistors and multiferroics; and the crystallography and physical properties (such as thermoelectricity or non-linear optics) of modulated structures in up to six-dimensional superspace.